nightmare

noun

night·​mare ˈnīt-ˌmer 

1

: an evil spirit formerly thought to oppress people during sleep

2

: a frightening dream that usually awakens the sleeper

3

: something (such as an experience, situation, or object) having the monstrous character of a nightmare or producing a feeling of anxiety or terror

nightmare adjective

nightmarish

ˈnīt-ˌmer-ish 

adjective

nightmarishly adverb

Did you know?

Looking at nightmare, you might guess that it is a compound formed from night and mare. If so, your guess is correct. But while the night in nightmare makes sense, the mare part is less obvious. Most English speakers know mare as a word for a female horse or similar equine animal, but the mare of nightmare is a different word, an obsolete one referring to an evil spirit that was once thought to produce feelings of suffocation in people while they slept. By the 14th century the mare was also known as nightmare, and by the late 16th century nightmare was also being applied to the feelings of distress caused by the spirit, and then to frightening or unpleasant dreams.

Synonyms

• agony
• Gehenna
• hell
• horror
• misery
• murder
• torment
• torture

Examples of nightmare in a Sentence

Mommy, I had a really scary nightmare.

The party was a complete nightmare.

Recent Examples on the Web

The photos of centenarian World War II veterans and an array of world leaders including U.S. President Joe Biden attending the solemn ceremony on Omaha Beach without him were a publicity nightmare. —Jill Lawless, The Christian Science Monitor, 11 June 2024

But not all VPNs are created equal—and some could be a privacy nightmare. —Kate Irwin, PCMAG, 10 June 2024

The housing boom and crash from almost two decades ago is still a nightmare for homeowners now haunted by zombie mortgages. —Catherine Reagor, The Arizona Republic, 7 June 2024

The unsheltered homelessness crisis is a disproportionately and shameful California nightmare. —Ethan Deitcher, The Mercury News, 7 June 2024

Word History

Etymology

Middle English nyghte mare, from nyghte night entry 1 + mare mare entry 3

First Known Use

14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Phrases Containing nightmare

• worst nightmare

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Kids Definition

nightmare

noun

night·​mare ˈnīt-ˌma(ə)r 

-ˌme(ə)r

1

: a frightening dream

2

: a frightening or horrible experience

nightmarish

-ish 

adjective

Etymology

Middle English nightmare "evil spirit thought to haunt people during sleep," from night "night" and mare "spirit," from Old English mare "evil spirit haunting people in sleep"

Word Origin

In the Middle Ages many people believed in a type of evil spirit that was said to haunt people while they slept. Such a demon was known in Old English as a mare. Because it was believed to come in the night, it later became known in Middle English as a nightmare. It was not until the 16th century that the word nightmare came to mean "a frightening dream." This meaning probably came from the belief that such dreams were caused by evil spirits.

Medical Definition

nightmare

noun

night·​mare ˈnīt-ˌma(ə)r, -ˌme(ə)r 

: a frightening or distressing dream that usually awakens the sleeper